Combined injectable birth control

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Combined injectable contraceptive (CIC) is a monthly injection of progestin and estrogen to suppress fertility.

Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) is a different injectable contraceptive, containing just a progestin, given every three months. It is a progestogen-only injectable contraceptive.

Hormonal contraception works primarily by preventing ovulation, but it may also thicken the cervical mucus inhibiting sperm penetration. Hormonal contraceptives also have effects on the endometrium, that theoretically could affect implantation,

Video Combined injectable birth control

Medical uses

CIC is administered by intramuscular injection into the deltoid, gluteus maximus, or anterior thigh. It is ideally administered every 28 to 30 days, though it has been demonstrated to be effective up to 33 days.

Maps Combined injectable birth control

Side effects

The most prominent side effects are menstrual irregularities during the first 3 to 6 months of use.

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Types

CICs that have been marketed include the following:

• hydroxyprogesterone caproate 250 mg and estradiol valerate 5 mg ("Chinese Injectable Number 1") - available in China
• dihydroxyprogesterone acetophenide 150 mg and estradiol enanthate 10 mg (Deladroxate, Perlutal, Topasel, Perlutan) - available in Latin America and Spain
• estradiol cypionate/medroxyprogesterone acetate (Cyclo-Provera, Cyclofem, Feminena, Lunelle, Novafem)
• norethisterone enanthate 50 mg and estradiol valerate 5 mg (Mesigyna)
• megestrol acetate 25 mg and estradiol 3.5 mg (Mego-E)

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History

• October 5, 2000, Pharmacia received FDA approval for Lunelle Monthly Contraceptive Injection.
• April 2003, Pharmacia acquired by Pfizer (makers of Depo-Provera (DMPA)).
• October 2003, Lunelle was discontinued in the U.S.

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See also

• Concept Foundation
• Extended cycle combined hormonal contraceptive
• Depo-Provera, a long-acting reversible contraceptive
• Progestogen-only injectable contraceptive
• Reproductive Health Supplies Coalition
• Estradiol-containing oral contraceptive

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Footnotes

Source of the article : Wikipedia